@InProceedings{DammPGCCVTVBC:2019:StChVa,
               author = "Damm, Djoille Denner and Pinheiro, Rom{\'a}rio Ara{\'u}jo and 
                         Gomez, Javier Sierra and Contin, A. and Correia, R. F. B. and 
                         Volu, R. M. and Trava-Airoldi, Vladimir Jesus and Vasconcelos, G. 
                         de and Barquete, D. M. and Corat, Evaldo Jos{\'e}",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Universidade Federal de 
                         Goi{\'a}s (UFG)} and {Universidade Federal de S{\~a}o Paulo 
                         (UNIFESP)} and {Instituto de Estudos Avan{\c{c}}ados (IEAv)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         de Estudos Avan{\c{c}}ados (IEAv)} and {Universidade Estadual de 
                         Santa Cruz (UESC)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 
                         (INPE)}",
                title = "Study and characterization of the vanadium carbide interlayer 
                         deposited by laser cladding over carbon steel for CVD diamond 
                         growth",
                 year = "2019",
         organization = "International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films 
                         (ICMCTF), 46.",
             abstract = "Vanadium carbide has been used in the industry to improve the 
                         steel properties. It was extensively studied and explored by 
                         Toyota a few decades ago. Vanadium has high hardness, as well as 
                         carbides forming ability, chemical compatibility with carbon steel 
                         and CVD diamond and an intermediate thermal expansion coefficient 
                         (TEC) between these materials. These characteristics make vanadium 
                         carbide attractive as an intermediate layer for CVD diamond 
                         applications. There are many techniques to obtain a vanadium 
                         carbide interface such as thermodiffusion and sputtering. In this 
                         work, we will discuss the vanadium carbide deposition by laser 
                         cladding on carbon steel surface. The main problems in growing CVD 
                         diamond directly on steel surface are related crystallinity, 
                         purity and adhesion. The crystallinity issue is due to the fact 
                         that the gas phase carbon goes in to the steel substrate bulk 
                         causing its embrittlement and reducing diamond growth rate. The 
                         problem regarding purity is related to the transitions metals 
                         present in the steel surface (such as iron and cobalt) that 
                         inhibit the sp3 bond over the sp2 bond, providing the appearance 
                         of graphite on CVD film that reduces the film quality. As for the 
                         Adhesion challenge, the TEC mismatch results in a high residual 
                         compressive tension in the diamond film, which causes delamination 
                         during cooling. Therefore, an intermediate layer is necessary to 
                         create a transition zone able to relieve the thermal residual 
                         stress and also to act as a diffusional barrier. The laser 
                         cladding was selected because of its rapid processing, excellent 
                         metals adhesion by melting, good surface finish reducing roughness 
                         and capacity to preserve the original properties of the material 
                         substrate interacting only with the up layers of the material. In 
                         this study, we analyze vanadium carbide phase formation by varying 
                         systematically the following parameters: resolution (300 900 DPI); 
                         scanning speed (100 500 mm/s); and output power (40 125 W). For 
                         the substrate we used AISI D6, AISI O1 and AISI M2 steels. The 
                         HFCVD films were grown using the following parameters: 2 sscm of 
                         CH4; 98sccm of H2; 2h deposition process time; 700°C and 5mm of 
                         work distance. The results of LCVC coating and HFCVD films 
                         characterizations were obtained by X-ray diffraction, scanning 
                         electron microscope field emission (SEM-FEG) and Raman 
                         spectroscopy.",
  conference-location = "San Diego, CA",
      conference-year = "19-24 May",
             language = "en",
        urlaccessdate = "01 maio 2024"
}